The **TL432CL-AE3-R** is a low-voltage three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator. It is functionally similar to the industry-standard TL431 but with a lower reference voltage and a specific pinout/packaging configuration. ### 1. Key Technical Specifications The following table summarizes the primary electrical characteristics of the device: | Parameter | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Reference Voltage ($V_{ref}$)** | 1.24 V | | **Output Voltage Range** | $V_{ref}$ to 18 V | | **Cathode Current Range** | 80 µA to 100 mA | | **Dynamic Impedance** | 0.2 $\Omega$ (Typical) | | **Operating Temperature** | 0°C to +70°C | | **Package Type** | SOT-23 | --- ### 2. Part Number Breakdown Understanding the suffix codes helps in identifying the specific variant: * **TL432**: The base part number (1.24V reference variant). * **C**: Commercial temperature grade (0°C to 70°C). * **L**: Lead-free / RoHS compliant. * **AE3**: Package code for **SOT-23**. * **R**: Tape and Reel packaging. --- ### 3. Pin Configuration The SOT-23 package typically follows this pin assignment for the TL432 series: 1. **Reference (REF):** Used to set the output voltage via a resistor divider. 2. **Cathode (K):** The "output" of the shunt regulator. 3. **Anode (A):** The common/ground terminal. --- ### 4. Typical Application Circuit The TL432 acts like a Zener diode with a programmable breakdown voltage. The output voltage ($V_{out}$) is calculated using the following formula: $$V_{out} = V_{ref} \times \left(1 + \frac{R1}{R2}\right)$$ ```text (Input Voltage) | [Resistor] | +----------- (V_out) | | [Cathode] [R1] | | TL432 [Ref] <-------+ | | [Anode] [R2] | | (GND) (GND) ``` ### 5. Common Use Cases * **Shunt Regulator:** Replacing standard Zener diodes for higher precision. * **Switching Power Supplies (SMPS):** Providing feedback via an optocoupler for isolated secondary side regulation. * **Voltage Monitoring:** Acting as a comparator with a built-in precision reference. * **Constant Current Source:** Maintaining a steady current across a load. ---