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MCP2510-ISO Datasheet(PDF) 37 Page - Microchip Technology |
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MCP2510-ISO Datasheet(HTML) 37 Page - Microchip Technology |
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37 / 80 page  © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21291F-page 37 MCP2510 5.7 Synchronization To compensate for phase shifts between the oscillator frequencies of each of the nodes on the bus, each CAN controller must be able to synchronize to the relevant signal edge of the incoming signal. Synchronization is the process by which the DPLL function is imple- mented. When an edge in the transmitted data is detected, the logic will compare the location of the edge to the expected time (Sync Seg). The circuit will then adjust the values of phase segment 1 and phase seg- ment 2 as necessary. There are two mechanisms used for synchronization. 5.7.1 HARD SYNCHRONIZATION Hard Synchronization is only done when there is a recessive to dominant edge during a BUS IDLE condi- tion, indicating the start of a message. After hard syn- chronization, the bit time counters are restarted with Sync Seg. Hard synchronization forces the edge which has occurred to lie within the synchronization segment of the restarted bit time. Due to the rules of synchroni- zation, if a hard synchronization occurs there will not be a resynchronization within that bit time. 5.7.2 RESYNCHRONIZATION As a result of Resynchronization, phase segment 1 may be lengthened or phase segment 2 may be short- ened. The amount of lengthening or shortening of the phase buffer segments has an upper bound given by the Synchronization Jump Width (SJW). The value of the SJW will be added to phase segment 1 (see Figure 5-2) or subtracted from phase segment 2 (see Figure 5-3). The SJW represents the loop filtering of the DPLL. The SJW is programmable between 1 TQ and 4 TQ. Clocking information will only be derived from reces- sive to dominant transitions. The property that only a fixed maximum number of successive bits have the same value ensures resynchronization to the bit stream during a frame. The phase error of an edge is given by the position of the edge relative to Sync Seg, measured in TQ. The phase error is defined in magnitude of TQ as follows: • e = 0 if the edge lies within SYNCESEG • e > 0 if the edge lies before the SAMPLE POINT • e < 0 if the edge lies after the SAMPLE POINT of the previous bit If the magnitude of the phase error is less than or equal to the programmed value of the synchronization jump width, the effect of a resynchronization is the same as that of a hard synchronization. If the magnitude of the phase error is larger than the synchronization jump width, and if the phase error is positive, then phase segment 1 is lengthened by an amount equal to the synchronization jump width. If the magnitude of the phase error is larger than the resynchronization jump width, and if the phase error is negative, then phase segment 2 is shortened by an amount equal to the synchronization jump width. 5.7.3 SYNCHRONIZATION RULES • Only one synchronization within one bit time is allowed • An edge will be used for synchronization only if the value detected at the previous sample point (previously read bus value) differs from the bus value immediately after the edge • All other recessive to dominant edges fulfilling rules 1 and 2 will be used for resynchronization with the exception that a node transmitting a dom- inant bit will not perform a resynchronization as a result of a recessive to dominant edge with a pos- itive phase error FIGURE 5-2: LENGTHENING A BIT PERIOD Input Signal Sync Prop Segment Phase Segment 1 Phase Segment 2 ≤ SJW Sample Nominal Actual Bit Length Bit Length Point TQ |
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