DSPIC30F4012 datasheet(135/238 Pages) MICROCHIP

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DS70135G-page 135

dsPIC30F4011/4012

19.6.2

PRESCALER SETTING

There is a programmable prescaler with integral values

ranging from 1 to 64 in addition to a fixed divide-by-2 for

clock generation. The Time Quantum (TQ) is a fixed

unit of time derived from the oscillator period, shown in

Equation 19-1, where FCAN is FCY (if the CANCKS bit

is set) or 4 FCY (if CANCKS is cleared).

EQUATION 19-1:

TIME QUANTUM FOR

CLOCK GENERATION

19.6.3

PROPAGATION SEGMENT

This part of the bit time is used to compensate physical

delay times within the network. These delay times con-

sist of the signal propagation time on the bus line and

the internal delay time of the nodes. The propagation

segment can be programmed from 1 TQ to 8 TQ by

setting the PRSEG<2:0> bits (C1CFG2<2:0>).

19.6.4

PHASE SEGMENTS

The phase segments are used to optimally locate the

sampling of the received bit within the transmitted bit

time. The sampling point is between Phase1 Seg and

Phase2 Seg. These segments are lengthened or short-

ened by resynchronization. The end of the Phase1 Seg

determines the sampling point within a bit period. The

segment is programmable from 1 TQ to 8 TQ. Phase2

Seg provides delay to the next transmitted data transi-

tion. The segment is programmable from 1 TQ to 8 TQ,

or it may be defined to be equal to the greater of

Phase1 Seg or the information processing time (2 TQ).

The

Phase1

Seg

initialized

setting

bits

SEG1PH<2:0> (C1CFG2<5:3>), and Phase2 Seg is

initialized by setting SEG2PH<2:0> (C1CFG2<10:8>).

The following requirement must be fulfilled while setting

the lengths of the phase segments:

Propagation Segment + Phase1 Seg > = Phase2 Seg

19.6.5

SAMPLE POINT

The sample point is the point of time at which the bus

level is read and interpreted as the value of that respec-

tive bit. The location is at the end of Phase1 Seg. If the bit

timing is slow and contains many TQ, it is possible to

specify multiple sampling of the bus line at the sample

point. The level determined by the CAN bus then cor-

responds to the result from the majority decision of three

values. The majority samples are taken at the sample

point and twice before with a distance of TQ/2. The CAN

module allows the user to choose between sampling

three times at the same point, or once at the same point,

by setting or clearing the SAM bit (C1CFG2<6>).

Typically, the sampling of the bit should take place at

about 60-70% through the bit time depending on the

system parameters.

19.6.6

SYNCHRONIZATION

To compensate for phase shifts between the oscillator

frequencies of the different bus stations, each CAN

controller must be able to synchronize to the relevant

signal edge of the incoming signal. When an edge in

the transmitted data is detected, the logic will compare

the location of the edge to the expected time

(synchronous segment). The circuit will then adjust the

values of Phase1 Seg and Phase2 Seg. There are

2 mechanisms used to synchronize.

19.6.6.1

Hard Synchronization

Hard synchronization is only done whenever there is a

‘recessive’ to ‘dominant’ edge during bus Idle, indicating

the start of a message. After hard synchronization, the

bit time counters are restarted with the synchronous

segment. Hard synchronization forces the edge which

has caused the hard synchronization to lie within the

synchronization segment of the restarted bit time. If a

hard synchronization is done, there will not be a

resynchronization within that bit time.

19.6.6.2

Resynchronization

As a result of resynchronization, Phase1 Seg may be

lengthened or Phase2 Seg may be shortened. The

amount of lengthening or shortening of the phase buffer

segment

has

upper

bound

known

the

synchronization jump width, and is specified by the

SJW<1:0> bits (C1CFG1<7:6>). The value of the

synchronization jump width will be added to Phase1 Seg

or subtracted from Phase2 Seg. The resynchronization

jump width is programmable between 1 TQ and 4 TQ.

The following requirement must be fulfilled while setting

the SJW<1:0> bits:

Phase2 Seg > Synchronization Jump Width

Note:

FCAN must not exceed 30 MHz. If

CANCKS = 0, FCY must not exceed 7.5

MHz.

TQ = 2 (BRP<5:0> + 1)/FCAN

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