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HT66F0176 Datasheet(PDF) 21 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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HT66F0176 Datasheet(HTML) 21 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc |
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21 / 165 page  Rev. 1.20 20 ����st 2�� 201� Rev. 1.20 21 ����st 2�� 201� HT66F0176 A/D Flash MCU with EEPROM HT66F0176 A/D Flash MCU with EEPROM Fetch Inst. 1 1 MOV ��[12H] 2 C�LL DEL�Y 3 CPL [12H] 4 : 5 : 6 DEL�Y: NOP Exec�te Inst. 1 Fetch Inst. 2 Exec�te Inst. 2 Fetch Inst. 3 Fl�sh Pipeline Fetch Inst. 6 Exec�te Inst. 6 Fetch Inst. � Instruction Fetching Program Counter Duringprogramexecution,theProgramCounterisusedtokeeptrackoftheaddressofthe nextinstructiontobeexecuted.Itisautomaticallyincrementedbyoneeachtimeaninstruction isexecutedexceptforinstructions,suchas"JMP"or"CALL"thatdemandajumptoanon- consecutiveProgramMemoryaddress.Onlythelower8bits,knownastheProgramCounterLow Register,aredirectlyaddressablebytheapplicationprogram. Whenexecutinginstructionsrequiringjumpstonon-consecutiveaddressessuchasajump instruction,asubroutinecall,interruptorreset,etc.,themicrocontrollermanagesprogramcontrol byloadingtherequiredaddressintotheProgramCounter.Forconditionalskipinstructions,once theconditionhasbeenmet,thenextinstruction,whichhasalreadybeenfetchedduringthepresent instructionexecution,isdiscardedandadummycycletakesitsplacewhilethecorrectinstructionis obtained. Program Counter High Byte Low Byte (PCL) PC10~PC� PC�~PC0 Program Counter ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounter,knownastheProgramCounterLowregisterorPCL,is availableforprogramcontrolandisareadableandwriteableregister.Bytransferringdatadirectly intothisregister,ashortprogramjumpcanbeexecuteddirectly;however,asonlythislowbyte isavailableformanipulation,thejumpsarelimitedtothepresentpageofmemorythatis256 locations.Whensuchprogramjumpsareexecuteditshouldalsobenotedthatadummycycle willbeinserted.ManipulatingthePCLregistermaycauseprogrambranching,soanextracycleis neededtopre-fetch. Stack ThisisaspecialpartofthememorywhichisusedtosavethecontentsoftheProgramCounteronly. Thestackisorganizedinto8levelsandisneitherpartofthedatanorpartoftheprogramspace, andisneitherreadablenorwriteable.TheactivatedlevelisindexedbytheStackPointer,andis neitherreadablenorwriteable.Atasubroutinecallorinterruptacknowledgesignal,thecontentsof theProgramCounterarepushedontothestack.Attheendofasubroutineoraninterruptroutine, signaledbyareturninstruction,RETorRETI,theProgramCounterisrestoredtoitspreviousvalue fromthestack.Afteradevicereset,theStackPointerwillpointtothetopofthestack. Ifthestackisfullandanenabledinterrupttakesplace,theinterruptrequestflagwillberecordedbut theacknowledgesignalwillbeinhibited.WhentheStackPointerisdecremented,byRETorRETI, theinterruptwillbeserviced.Thisfeaturepreventsstackoverflowallowingtheprogrammertouse thestructuremoreeasily.However,whenthestackisfull,aCALLsubroutineinstructioncanstill beexecutedwhichwillresultinastackoverflow.Precautionsshouldbetakentoavoidsuchcases whichmightcauseunpredictableprogrambranching. Ifthestackisoverflow,thefirstProgramCountersaveinthestackwillbelost. |
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