SPMCK16Z4MPV16 datasheet(114/500 Pages) FREESCALE

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SYSTEM INTEGRATION MODULE

M68HC16 Z SERIES

5-8

USER’S MANUAL

When a fast reference is used, three W bits are located in the PLL feedback path, en-

abling frequency multiplication by a factor from one to eight. Three Y bits and the X bit

are located in the VCO clock output path to provide the ability to slow the system clock

without disturbing the PLL.

When using a fast reference, the clock frequency is determined by SYNCR bit settings

as follows:

The reset state of SYNCR ($3F00) results in a power-on fsys of 8.388 MHz when fref

is 4.194 MHz.

For the device to perform correctly, both the clock frequency and VCO frequency (se-

lected by the W, X, and Y bits) must be within the limits specified for the MCU. In order

for the VCO frequency to be within specifications (less than or equal to the maximum

system clock frequency multiplied by two), the X bit must be set for system clock fre-

quencies greater than one-half the maximum specified system clock.

Internal VCO frequency is determined by the following equations:

On both slow and fast reference devices, when an external system clock signal is ap-

plied (MODCLK = 0 during reset), the PLL is disabled. The duty cycle of this signal is

critical, especially at operating frequencies close to maximum. The relationship be-

tween clock signal duty cycle and clock signal period is expressed as follows:

Tables 5-2, 5-3, and 5-4 show clock control multipliers for all possible combinations of

SYNCR bits. To obtain clock frequency, find the counter modulus in the leftmost col-

umn, then multiply the reference frequency by the value in the appropriate prescaler

cell. Shaded areas indicate which values exceed the specifications for a device rated

at a particular operating frequency. Refer to APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL CHARAC-

TERISTICS for maximum allowable clock rate.

Tables 5-5, 5-6, and 5-7 show actual clock frequencies for the same combinations of

SYNCR bits. To obtain clock frequency, find the counter modulus in the leftmost col-

umn, then refer to appropriate prescaler cell. Shaded areas indicate which values ex-

ceed the specifications for a device rated at a particular operating frequency. Refer to

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS for maximum system frequency

sys

ref

128

----------

() 2

()

[]

VCO

sys if X = 0

VCO

sys if X = 1

Minimum External Clock Period

Minimum External Clock High/Low Time

50%

Percentage Variation of External Clock Input Duty Cycle

–

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

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